Ah, OK, that's a special train for the West Highland Way, great idea, wish they would look closer to home though with number of bike spaces on the major commute routes they run (Glasgow-Edinburgh for example)
Five class 153 trains converted with space for 20 bikes on each... intended for ski's and back-pack storage too depending on season... but the West Highland Line is very much a tourist route:
The reason train operators don't provide more bike capacity on normal trains is simply because (like buffets) it is for most of a trains working day a grossly underutilised space... more seats is what fare paying passengers ask for.
What you call an Inter7City (and I call a class 43 HST for those that travelled out of Aberdeen regularly in the late 1970's... and had their original Restaurant cars removed and converted to extra seating exactly for the reasons cited above), and travel between all 7 of Scotland's "cities" have 4 extra bike spaces newly added in addition to the two existing vertical spaces (Coach C):
Roger Smith who writes about this stuff said in April 2022:
"In 2015, there were 932 spaces for cycles on ScotRail trains., whereas now there are 1,406, with more to be provided this summer. Within the last few months, an extra 140 spaces have been installed across the fleet of 70 Class 385 electric trains.
All ScotRail trains now have spaces for bikes. By the end of August [2022], 100 more spaces will have been installed on the Inter7City trains, bringing the overall total to 1,506."
You can also "borrow" free Bromptons for 24hrs in Inverness, Oban and Elgin. You need to use the Brompton Hire app and apply code "Scotrail" apparently.
Seems to me like you've already got it pretty good... better than most parts of the country anyway.
EDIT: An afterthought: A typical rail carriage weighs around 100 tonnes (IIRC 105 tonnes for an HST/Inter7City). That's a lot of costly diesel being burned to haul non-earning dead weight around the wilds of Scotland if you're just going to dedicate space to (infrequently carried) bicycles. It's why the Inter7City trains were shortened from the original HST's 7, 8 or 9 carriages to just 4 in the first place, and now extended to 5.