Several things influence wheel strength, are they double walled? Are they eyeletted? were they hand or machine built? The spokes are key to a wheels strength, if the tensions are all wrong then the wheel will be like butter. A rim with no spokes can be manipulated by hand , but when laced and tensioned correctly it is rigid.
Even with the best wheel in the world though, a kerb can be its end. If you run low tyre pressures or hit it hard enough it will dent in the wall of a rim.
The old saying 'Prevention is better than cure' springs to mind.
I am hard on most of my bikes, and also at 16 stone no lightweight. A kerb won't eat wheels if you ride up it slow enough, and un-weight the wheel that impacts it as it does. Lift the front, then a little front brake and shift your weight forwards to help the back roll over it rather than into it.
Either that or fly at them as fast as you can and bunny hop over them