Yes that is the cable adjuster. It is in two parts. The bigger "nut" which is simply there to lock the adjuster in place once you have adjusted the cable correctly. They can get a bit tight I must admit but as a rule you should be able to loosen them and tighten them by hand.Maybe it's only meant to be finger tightened?
Yes.Intriguing thought.
Do the cables stretch or the outers compress?
Neither. The pads wear, so you have to adjust the length of the inner cable relative to the outer, which is what that adjuster's for.Intriguing thought.
Do the cables stretch or the outers compress?
Modern ones can still have them. I have Avid Speed Dial 7 and they have them.Modern one have a detent, so the adjuster clicks with each part turn then stays where it is - no locking ring needed.
Fine control of brake force.What's modulation?
Now there's a bit of kit I didn't know I neededPower Modulator
Actually .I do it the other way round! wind the adjuster out ,then set the brake so it is just biting then screw back in the adjuster ,a case of over tighten then slacken off with adjuster, the adjuster is only there so that you can remove and install the cables ,hence the slotted bits!That's not really a lock nut at all. It's actually an adjuster for taking up any slack that develops in the cable. When you first set your brakes, you start with it wound in, and then as the cable stretches, you gradually wind it out to maintain cable tension.
Edit: Crossed with Aushikers post.
the adjuster is there, so you can take up slack as cables stretch... or back things off if you get a slight buckle in the disc / rim... hence why its called an adjusterthe adjuster is only there so that you can remove and install the cables ,hence the slotted bits!
Horrible things, give a brake a spongy feeling. They were fitted as standard on the Giant Lafree front V brake, a bike that certainly didn't need one.Fine control of brake force.
If brakes are too grabby, one solution is to fit a modulator: