Google 'Smartwater', which was the original such product. That'll answer all your questions. In fact, I wouldn't use anything other than Smartwater, as theyre the only one who service the police nationally.
Once SW has been identified by means if the appropriate blacklight (Smartwater requires a specialist light at a specific frequency, normal UV light doesn't work), a rep from the firm comes out, takes a swab, takes that to the lab and that gets matched to a Smartwater account. Smartwater provide this service for free, so if it isn't Smartwater don't bother, because the dibble don't have the budget to call lots of difrerent companies at hundreds of pounds a time to swab you bike in the hope that the product is one of theirs. Of course, you could put a product sticker on the bike, but any half sharp scumbag will peel it off.
Once applied its all but invisible, almost like a slight water mark, extremely hard to see, so no worries there. Its non reactive. Its so heat resistant that there are cases where lead has been srolen, melted into ingots, and the Smartwater still fluoresced and was traceable. Sandpaper or wet and dry wont do it. Short of a bead blast and then dip the frame in acid it will still leave identifiable traces, so thoughts about the thief somehow getting it off are misguided Do everything - dab on the tyres, wheels, various points of the frame, seat underside, bars, cables, you name it. That way even if the bike gets broken for spares, or stripped and built up into various other bikes, you may not get your bike back but Johnny Sheetbag will still get fingered for handling stolen goods.
Used to use Smartwater for marking gear in my old game when i worked, and was trained to install the pyrotechnic smartwater kits, which was jolly good fun.
Interesting fact - every now and again Smartwater deliberately start rumours about how to get the product off. None of it works, but its all highly amusing and irritating for the villain. For example, one rumour had villains across the land rubbing their stolen goods with rags soaked in scotch whiskey, so if you hear silimar rumours you can take it with a pinch of salt.