If I check the +&- on old battery I see 40 volts but only 17 on new battery. Is 17 volts good it didn't change after 6hr charge or is there some other check I could do?
This voltage is just leakage, the actual voltage isn't seen until the battery is turned on. The aftermarket manufacturer won't be using the same switching mechanism (FET?) as Yamaha so can't really be compared.
The voltage will collapse when a load is applied unless the Yamaha controller has turned battery on.
As I said at the beginning be very careful what you / the shop do with these batteries, if you put too much load (more than 500mA according too our Deutche friends) on a Yamaha battery without the controller communicating you will destroy it.
If you look at pages 5 and 6 of the thread on Pedelecs.de that you posted on there are a lot of comments on there about this issue particularly from Gamerpaddy.
It may pay to make the shop aware of these issues before they potentially damage anything else.
It is worth bearing in mind that the reason these batteries go into these faults in the first place is a safety mechanism that is preventing a potential battery fire in the first instance. I think it is highly unlikely that one of these batteries will develop a fatal fault without there being a problem elsewhere on the bike unless someone is 'testing something'!